Effects of systematic work preparation meetings on safety climate and psychosocial conditions in the construction industry

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of an intervention comprising education and support in performing frequent and structured work preparation meetings with broad participation. Such work preparation meetings were expected to have positive effects on safety climate by emphasizing the value of safety at the work site, and on perceived influence at work. The study was a longitudinal, matched before and after questionnaire study, with six construction sites within a large Swedish construction company, randomly assigned to the intervention or the comparison group. Contrary to expectations, the intervention group reported a decrease in safety climate, while this increased in the comparison group. Perceived influence at work showed a tendency to decrease at the interventions sites. Frequent work preparation meetings may provide ample opportunity for obtaining perceptual safety climate cues. But the effect is dependent on how these meetings are performed, and what priorities are conveyed.     

消化性溃疡药物治疗的现状

对治疗消化性溃疡药物进行了综述，文中叙述了降低胃酸及胃蛋白酶活性药物；增强胃粘膜抵抗力药物；促进胃排空药物；抗忧郁药物；胃肠激素类药物等。对这些药物的研究近年来都有很大进展，这些药物在治疗消化性溃疡方面取得了显著成绩，只要根据患者的病情和具体条件给以合理的治疗，消化性溃疡的治愈率可达９０％以上。     

商品经济时代的住宅设计——浅析某商住楼的设计理念

作为商品的住宅 ,它面向广大住宅消费者。结合一个设计实例 ,通过设计、施工、售楼等全过程 ,阐述了商品经济时代住宅设计的一些理念 :在充分满足消费者利益 ,即最大限度提高住宅的性价比 ,改善人居条件的前提下 ,降低造价 ,缩短工期 ,实现销售顺畅 ,加快资金周转。从而做到消费者满意 ,开发商、施工单位高兴 ,设计单位也因之扩大影响 ,创造良好效益 ,实现了多方多赢     

岩石在酸化环境下的强度损伤及其静态加速模拟

在不同质量百分比(1.0%,5.0%及10.0%)的3种酸溶液(H2SO4,HNO3和HCl)中,对大理岩和辉绿岩的水岩作用进行了静态长时(900d)加速浸泡试验模拟,分析了岩石单轴抗压强度、劈裂法抗拉强度和表面肖氏硬度的损伤对酸的敏感性和损伤机制。研究结果表明,在静水环境下,岩石强度损伤、硬度损伤及腐蚀速率与H 浓度及浸泡时间成非线性关系,岩石腐蚀所产生的环境效应不仅与岩性、酸种和H 浓度有关,而且与新成盐是否发生水解有关。     

广州南沙滨海花园小区设计探讨

通过对南沙滨海花园设计的总结，阐述对住宅小区设计的一些认识，希望能起到供类似案例借鉴的作用。     

单轴–三轴和渗透水压条件下砂岩应变特性的CT试验研究

常规的应力应变试验难以清晰地反映砂岩在不同应力状态下的细观应变特性,然而,砂岩细观应变特性对一些工程的影响是非常巨大的。通过螺旋CT机以及与其配套的实时三轴加载和渗透压力设备对砂岩进行各种应力状态下的应变特性试验,反映出不同应力状态下的砂岩的应变特性有很大不同。结合CT图像和CT数的分析,对砂岩应变过程中的孔隙率的变化能直观地进行计算,以及对CT数方差的分析,能较简单地判断出砂岩的应变特性以及破坏模式。研究结果表明:(1)在单轴和三轴压力作用下,砂岩CT数方差变化剧烈的地方发生脆性变化,而方差比较稳定的地方发生塑性变化;(2)当有渗透水流作用时,砂岩应变特性与干砂岩的应变特性有明显差异,峰值强度显著增大,残余强度也明显增加;(3)砂岩在单轴干燥状态下是发生脆性破坏,而在有渗透压力和围压的情况下发生的是塑性破坏,有围压而没有渗透压作用时的破坏介于两者之间。     

某大型体育馆预制桩基础设计

结合某高层建筑基础工程概况 ,从地层分布和水文地质特征两方面就其工程地质条件作了阐述 ,提出了常采用的桩基础型式的施工方案 ,并对两种常用的桩基础型式进行了分析比较     

高拱坝动力分析及坝肩稳定性研究

采用非线性本构模型和破坏准则,结合三维动力有限元法对江坪河高拱坝在静荷载和地震联合作用下的响应进行非线性分析。首先对拱坝自由振动的模态分析采用分块Lanczos迭代法,得到拱坝在不同水位下的自振频率和振型;然后根据规范规定的振型分解反应谱法分析大坝在地震作用下的动力响应以及对应工况下的坝体及坝肩的变形和应力发展状态、可能失稳模式。通过对地震前后大坝的应力、应变以及抗滑稳定安全系数的比较可以看出,对于复杂地质条件下的高拱坝,地震作用会进一步劣化其应力与变形状态,并加剧其失稳。     

金陵之星大酒店冰蓄冷空调工程简介

本文简单介绍了金陵之星大酒店冰蓄冷工程的设计和运行增况,可供同行们参考。     

Tenability conditions and filling times for fires in large spaces

Motivated by recent demands on regulatory reform, closed form solutions are developed for the filling times and upper layer temperatures for fires in large spaces including the volume expansion term that was neglected in previous similar efforts. The solutions evolve from (a) utilizing the air entrainment to a buoyant plume from a point source having the same convective heat release as the fire and (b) applying an energy balance for the hot layer. Heat losses to the surfaces of the enclosure and provisions for smoke control by natural ventilation are also considered in an approximate way. Although analytic solutions for the filling times exist in the literature if the volume expansion term is neglected, this work is the first to (a) present analytic solutions for the upper layer temperature including the volume expansion term and (b) incorporate heat losses and smoke control by natural ventilation. The present predictions agree with recent numerical results (Fire Sci. Technol. 19(1) (1999) 27), which agree with experimental data and consequently, the present results in turn agree well with experimental data (Fire Sci. Technol. 19(1) (1999) 27). They are also corroborated by asymptotic analysis worked out in Appendix A. For certain large spaces, the results show that critical times for evacuation or rescue operations from fire brigade depend on the upper layer temperature reaching high enough values to cause harm by radiation to occupants or fire fighting rescuers. Thus, critical times in large spaces do not result from the smoke layer descending below a critical height (e.g. 2.1 m from the floor), as they do for small spaces. The present results for large spaces having high ceiling clearance do not agree with CFAST calculations because the entrainment equation for the fire plume in CFAST is different from the one in this work.